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Application of Comprehensive Geophysical Exploration Method in Leakage Detection of Levee Liu Jin-peng, Wang Zhi-hao, Tang Ke-xuan, Zhang Mei-duo, Liu Kang-he Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2023, 33 (4): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2023.04.001 Abstract （195）      PDF（pc） （596KB）（422）       Knowledge map    Save Geophysical detection method is an effective method for non-destructive testing of levees, but each geophysical detection method measures a single physical parameter, such as resistivity value, potential value, seismic wave velocity and so on. There are limitations and multiple solutions in geological interpretation when using a single parameter. This paper introduces the basic principles, advantages and disadvantages of common used geophysical detection methods for hidden dangers of levees, and discusses the application of comprehensive geophysical methods in identifying hidden dangers of levees leakage through engineering examples, which can be used as a reference for similar projects. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Fuzzy Fault Tree Analysis Method for Dam Failure Probability HUANG Meng-jing Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2023, 33 (4): 8-13.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2023.04.002 Abstract （171）      PDF（pc） （321KB）（277）       Knowledge map    Save In order to quantitatively analyze the probability of dam failure and provide decision-making basis for dam risk analysis and evaluation, this paper integrates fuzzy set theory into the fault tree analysis method, studies the fuzzy fault tree analysis method of dam failure probability, specifically analyzes the traditional fault tree analysis method, fuzzy set theory, triangular fuzzy number method, and basic event probability determination method, clarifies the analysis process of the fuzzy fault tree analysis method of dam failure probability,and analyzes the dam failure mode.Finally, taking the calculation of the failure probability of an earth-rock dam as an example, the causes of the dam failure were analyzed in depth, and the top event, intermediate event, and basic event were identified. A fuzzy fault tree analysis model for the dam was established, and the probability of each basic event was triangulated and normalized. The comprehensive determination of the dam failure probability can provide a reference for the next step of risk assessment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on Stability of Artificial Dam of Underground Reservoir in Coal Mine under Coupling Action of Overburden Rock and Hydraulic Power HU Xiao-long, SONG Dan-qing, LIU Xiao-li, ZHEN Wei-peng, SONG Xi-dong, WU Shu-quan Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2022, 32 (4): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2022.04.001 Abstract （137）      PDF（pc） （986KB）（224）       Knowledge map    Save Underground reservoir is one of the important engineering measures to solve water resource shortage in China. The construction of underground reservoir in mine goaf is of great significance to realize underground space in mine goaf and utilization of mine water resources and energy resources, and promote environmental and ecological protection in mine area. Taking Lingxin Coal mine in Ningxia as an example, a three-dimensional numerical model was established by using finite element method to study mechanical deformation characteristics of artificial dam body of underground reservoir in coal mine under overlying rock mass and design head load. The results show that the deformation of the artificial dam and surrounding rock of the underground reservoir is mainly concentrated in the front section of arch crown support and the bottom floor area of the upstream side, and the deformation of the retaining wall is concentrated in the middle area, and the maximum displacement of the dam is less than 1mm. The maximum stress of the dam is concentrated at the crown of the arch walling support, the maximum stress of the retaining wall is concentrated at the outside of the arch walling support, the maximum stress of the surrounding rock is concentrated at its junction with the arch walling support, and the maximum stress of the dam is less than 3.325 MPa. The maximum equivalent plastic strain of the dam body is located at the junction between arch walling and retaining wall on the upstream side. Numerical calculation and safety factor analysis show that the dam body has good structural stability and meets the purpose of underground reservoir construction and operation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Discussion on the Technology and Safety Protection Measures of Hanging Basket Construction Across Freeways JIN Da-zhi, LU Cheng-ming, LU Nan Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2023, 33 (4): 53-57.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2023.04.010 Abstract （201）      PDF（pc） （411KB）（197）       Knowledge map    Save In the construction of highway bridges, the hanging basket construction technology has been widely used, but in some special geographical environments, this method still needs to overcome various difficulties and challenges. This article provides a detailed introduction to the design scheme, installation steps, and construction process of the hanging basket for an overpass highway bridge construction case, and explores the safety protection measures during the construction of the overpass highway. The results indicate that during the construction of the cross highway range, protective brackets and protective nets are used to seal the mid span hanging basket. At the same time, a bottom protection platform is set under the main body of the hanging basket, which can effectively prevent scattered materials such as steel reinforcement heads, bolts and nuts, mortar, welding electrodes, welding sparks, small tools, etc. from falling into the traffic lane and prevent high-speed traffic safety accidents. By exploring the construction process and safety protection measures of hanging baskets in this article, solutions and ideas are provided for similar engineering project construction difficulties. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Energy Audit and Energy Conservation Potential Analysis of a Government Agency in Hebei Province YIN Ziyang, XIAN Xiaodong, YAN Lichuan, HOU Nana, MA Kunru Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2024, 34 (4): 36-43.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.04.007 Abstract （78）      PDF（pc） （871KB）（149）       Knowledge map    Save China is currently the world's largest energy consumer, with a significant proportion of carbon emissions in the construction industry. In order to promote energy conservation and consumption reduction in existing buildings, China has explicitly required government agencies and other public institutions at all levels to monitor energy consumption in real-time. In order to investigate the use of energy resources by government agencies, achieve scientific, rational, and efficient energy use, improve energy utilization efficiency, and reduce energy waste, an energy audit method was adopted to analyze the energy consumption structure and consumption indicators of a government agency in Hebei Province, comprehensively understand the use of energy resources, tap into energy-saving potential, and propose rational energy-saving suggestions to achieve the goal of strengthening energy management and improving energy efficiency, providing reference for similar public institutions in energy auditing and energy-saving renovation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Dynamic Response Analysis of Continuous Beam Bridges Based on Lateral Collision Effect CHEN Kanglong Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2024, 34 (4): 11-16.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.04.003 Abstract （57）      PDF（pc） （1036KB）（145）       Knowledge map    Save The study of beam dynamic response is an important branch in the field of bridge engineering, especially when considering lateral collision effects. In order to study the effect of lateral collision on the dynamic response of continuous beam bridges, an open system for earthquake engineering simulation (OpenSees) finite element software was used to build a finite element model of the entire bridge. The dynamic response and vulnerability changes of the bridge were compared and analyzed with and without lateral collision. The results show that when the peak ground acceleration is 1.0 gal, the probability of minor and complete damage to the support is 0.97 and 0.71, respectively, without lateral collision, and 0.92 and 0.65, respectively, with lateral collision. The lateral collision effect limits the relative displacement of the support through the limiting effect of the stopper, thereby reducing the probability of damage. This has practical guidance significance for the evaluation, reinforcement, and maintenance of bridges in seismic design. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Basic Context and Historical Role of Channel Change of China's Grand Canal LV Juan Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2022, 32 (2): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2022.02.001 Abstract （179）      PDF（pc） （1032KB）（137）       Knowledge map    Save From the spring and Autumn period to the contemporary era, the canal channel has been changing for more than 2500 years, which has roughly experienced several stages. In the pre-Qin period the canal between the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the canal connecting the Yangtze River and Huaihe River system were dug for the needs of war. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the northern and Southern Dynasties, the canals connecting the Yangtze River and pearl river systems, the Yellow River and Haihe river systems were dug and the previous canals were dredged to maintain the operation of the ruling class’s political power.During the Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties, the national east-west Grand Canal system was formed and during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the national north-south Grand Canal system was formed. Then the Grand Canal has experienced the decline of the Republic of China and the revival since the founding of new China. The Grand Canal channel is already a cultural heritage and a witness of China's historical development. Therefore, in the process of protection, inheritance and utilization, the Grand Canal channel should be protected in the first place. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research on Isolated Three-phase Bridgeless Sepic PFC Converter Based on One-cycle Control ZHANG Chun-jiang, TANG Jia-lin, XU De-xun, GAO Jia-ning, SHI Bing-qian Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2022, 32 (2): 20-28.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2022.02.004 Abstract （246）      PDF（pc） （2020KB）（130）       Knowledge map    Save Power factor correction technology is widely used in rectifier circuits to reduce harmonic pollution. Firstly, this paper studies a new type of isolated three-phase bridgeless Sepic PFC converter, which can realize power factor correction and isolated DC/DC conversion through one-stage conversion. In this paper, each working mode of the three-phase bridgeless Sepic PFC converter is analyzed in detail, and the continuous working conditions of the circuit are analyzed. Secondly, the one-cycle control technology is used to realize the closed-loop control, the core control equation of the one-cycle control is established, the small signal modeling is carried out, and the voltage loop controller is designed to stabilize the system under different parameters in the frequency domain and time domain respectively. The simulation analysis is carried out, and the realization method of digital one-cycle control based on DSP is designed. Simulation and experimental results show that the one-cycle control three-phase bridgeless Sepic PFC converter can achieve unity power factor and small current distortion rate. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Design and Implementation of Self-study Room Platform Based on Springboot and Uni-app Framework LI Jinzhong, HU Zhiming, CHEN Jiangang, CHEN Hanxuan, ZUO Zuo Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2024, 34 (2): 77-82.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.02.014 Abstract （529）      PDF（pc） （551KB）（126）       Knowledge map    Save At present, domestic education has begun to popularize online learning mode on a large scale. However, many existing online learning platforms gradually appear the problem of excessive entertainment and social seriousness, which seriously violatesthe original intention of the birth of online learning platforms. In addition, the platform has relatively limited functions, making it difficult to comprehensively manage the learning status of users, and there is also a considerable shortage of products on the market that meet users'needs. Therefore, this paper designs and develops a mobile self-study room platform based on SpringBoot and Uni-App frameworks, which is specially designed to provide users with learning state management services. The main functions of the platform include five functional modules: self-study state management, learning dynamic management, leaderboard, notepad, and user information management. The platform can provide users with a series of learning state management services to help them develop a good learning self-control, cultivate students' independent learning ability, and improve learning efficiency. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research on Fault Diagnosis of Automotive Automatic Production Line Based on DT LIU Ya, HE Liangtao, CHANG Shuo, QI Zemin Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2024, 34 (4): 44-49.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.04.008 Abstract （92）      PDF（pc） （903KB）（115）       Knowledge map    Save Traditional machine learning algorithms used for fault diagnosis in the automated production lines of automobiles require that the training and test sets have the same distribution and need a substantial number of training samples. However, in practice, fault sample data are difficult to acquire, and the operating conditions of production lines are highly variable, leading to a low fault classification accuracy. In view of these problems, this paper proposes a research method for fault diagnosis in automated automobile production lines based on Digital Twin (DT) technology. This method initially models the actual production lines using SolidWorks, followed by rendering through Unity 3D software, and combines with PLC for DT model simulation. Finally, the method utilizes transfer learning techniques and convolutional neural networks to achieve fault diagnosis. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by comparison with existing methods. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research on Application Technology of Prefabricated Steel Structure Distribution Room ZHOU Ting-ting Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2023, 33 (4): 26-31.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2023.04.005 Abstract （122）      PDF（pc） （353KB）（113）       Knowledge map    Save In order to actively implement the overall deployment of the “Action Plan for Carbon Peak before 2030” issued by the State Council, the use of prefabricated steel structure construction technology system to replace traditional reinforced concrete construction technology system has great advantages in saving highly polluting cement materials, reducing construction process pollution, and reducing carbon and energy conservation.With the rapid development of civil and public buildings, relying on the distribution rooms in residential areas, research has been conducted on the production and installation technology of prefabricated steel structure flat steel pipe columns and concrete pouring technology. By analyzing the difficulties in the production and installation of rectangular flat pipe columns, targeted design has been made for the rectangular flat pipe column production and installation control plan, which includes production control points, welding stress relief measures, and production and installation guarantee measures.In response to the difficulties in controlling the compactness of concrete pouring, a construction plan for rectangular flat pipe column concrete pouring has been formed, including a construction technology desktop meeting and technical disclosure system, the concrete pouring process flow, and the main standards for quality control of steel column core pouring concrete.The system scheme formed by this study can be used to guide the production, installation, and concrete pouring construction of prefabricated steel structure rectangular flat pipe columns. It has achieved great results in the construction of residential distribution rooms and can be promoted and applied to civil residential and public buildings. It provides guidance for design and construction personnel, and has advantages such as shortening construction cycles, saving materials, and improving construction quality, especially in terms of energy conservation and carbon reduction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of Pavement Diseases Caused by Thermal Regeneration and Research on On-site Thermal Regeneration Construction Technology for Mtn LI Guangyu, WANG Haijiao, WANG Qiyue Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2024, 34 (4): 7-10.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.04.002 Abstract （71）      PDF（pc） （722KB）（105）       Knowledge map    Save In this paper, the surface layer diseases of K291+250-K315+085 Xinyuan Expressway in Hebei province and the technical indicators of thermal regeneration pavement were statistically analyzed, and the key technical points of geothermal regeneration construction were summarized. the special maintenance project on the upper layer of the highway can adopt the geothermal regeneration construction technology, make full use of waste milling material, by adding 5% ~ 7% (the content of regenerator is 5% ~ 7% of the asphalt content in the milling waste) Mtn modified regenerator, 20% newly mixed modified asphalt mixture (the blending ratio of milling material and new additive is milling material: new additive =80∶20), through the heating unit heating, so that after the “field processing” of the new asphalt mixture to meet the technical requirements of road upgrading. After paving and compacting, the overall quality of the road reaches the qualified standard and meets the traffic conditions. the construction technology is mature, safe and reliable, energy saving and environmental protection, meets the national requirements of low carbon and economy, and provides construction reference and basis for the special maintenance of highway pavement geothermal regeneration technology. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research on Three-Dimensional Slope Modeling Based on GIS and Unmanned Aerial Photography Technology WANG Ruilong, SUN Shiguo, WANG Hengtong, SONG Weiqi Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2024, 34 (4): 61-65.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.04.011 Abstract （54）      PDF（pc） （903KB）（102）       Knowledge map    Save A three-dimensional modeling method for slopes based on Geographic Information System (GIS) and unmanned aerial photography technology is proposed in order to achieve high-precision restoration of surface texture and spatial undulations. The terrain and landform model is constructed using unmanned aerial photography and measurement techniques, and the stratigraphic model is established using GIS technology, thereby obtaining a high-precision three-dimensional model. In a certain section of a highway project, this method is applied to establish a slope three-dimensional model consisting of surface, stratigraphy, and underground mineral components. The results indicate that the slope three-dimensional model established using this method has the advantages of high accuracy and good visualization, and can accurately reflect the true conditions of the slope. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Three-dimensional Numerical Simulation of a Landslide in South Bend River Basin Based on the Variation of Reservoir Water Level YU Pei Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2024, 34 (4): 17-22.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.04.004 Abstract （73）      PDF（pc） （949KB）（100）       Knowledge map    Save Taking Nanwan landslide in Southwest Henan Province as an engineering example, combined with soil mechanics seepage theory and FLAC3D software, three-dimensional numerical simulation of Nanwan landslide in southwest Henan Province was carried out by using finite difference software FLAC3D software through the influence of reservoir water level sudden drop on pore water pressure and seepage field distribution, combined with two-dimensional unsaturated seepage theory and two-dimensional seepage analysis software in soil mechanics. The results show that the pore water pressure of the soil mass in Nanwan landslide in southwest Henan Province tends to increase when the reservoir water level was at 105.89m, and the soil mass was relatively dense, which has no adverse effect on the stability of the landslide. When the reservoir water level drops abruptly, the pore water pressure of the landslide body drops rapidly, driving the flow of soil particles in the landslide body. Due to the change of seepage force, the safety factor of landslide soil mass was reduced, and then the local instability of landslide soil mass was caused. It provides a theoretical reference for the analysis and evaluation of landslide stability under the state of reservoir water level rise and fall. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Assessment of Emission Reduction Effect of Emergency Control Measures for Heavy Pollution in Cangzhou City LU Ruijuan, GUO Xingli, HAN Xinhao, WANG Hongmei, CHI Meiling Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2024, 34 (4): 74-80.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.04.013 Abstract （51）      PDF（pc） （1048KB）（99）       Knowledge map    Save Emergency response to heavy pollution weather has played a positive role in giving priority to protecting human health and reducing the peak of heavy air pollution. However, in the actual process of work, as emergency response to heavy pollution weather is at the initial stage and local governments lack practical experience, the pertinence and effectiveness of emergency control measures need to be improved and perfected.Based on the collection and collation of recent air quality data, air pollutant emission status data, source emission inventory data, heavy pollution emergency plan and emergency emission reduction list data, meteorological conditions data, and district-county statistical data, the emergency emission reduction measures of Cangzhou were analyzed. Typical heavy pollution days were brought into The Weather Research and Forecasting Mode(WRF)/Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature(MEGAN)/Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel(SMOKE)/The Comprehensive Air quality Model with extensions(CAMx)regional air quality model system for simulation, and the reduction ratio of four pollutants improvement effects before and after the implementation of emission reduction measures in different districts and counties in Cangzhou City was obtained.According to the model analysis results, the emission reduction measures of each district and county were comprehensively analyzed, and the emergency emission reduction measures and emission reduction effects of typical heavy pollution processes in autumn and winter were evaluated, providing core technical support for Cangzhou to improve and improve the emergency emission reduction effect. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Cultural and Creative Product Design Based on Improved Apriori Algorithm for Cultural Association Feature Mining WU Dingbing Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2024, 34 (4): 56-60.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.04.010 Abstract （59）      PDF（pc） （765KB）（98）       Knowledge map    Save In order to develop innovative cultural and creative products and improve the design efficiency of cultural and creative products, a product development system of cultural and creative correlation feature mining is designed with the support of improved Apriori algorithm.The system is composed of Apriori algorithm feature correlation module and product design module to improve the mining of cultural and creative feature correlation. The former excavates the correlative features of product design from the cultural information; the latter uses Boolean matrix and support adaptive updating strategy to improve Apriori algorithm and mining accurate correlation features of cultural and creative products. Designers design cultural and creative products through this feature and correlation.The experimental results show that the system can accurately mine cultural features and obtain the correlation between cultural features, and the accuracy rate of product design is greater than 0.90, the highest recall rate can reach 0.96, and the audience satisfaction evaluation is good.The system has good effect in developing cultural and creative products and has practical application value. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of the Key Factors for the Continuous Revival of Baiquan Spring Area in Xingtai WANG Buxin Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2024, 34 (4): 31-35.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.04.006 Abstract （65）      PDF（pc） （721KB）（98）       Knowledge map    Save With the development of industrial and agricultural production and the increasing exploitation of groundwater, the Baiquan River in Xingtai has been shut down since the 1980s. In recent years, through a variety of measures to comprehensively control over-exploitation of groundwater and water ecological protection and restoration, the Baiquan Spring area has emerged one after another. To ensure the continued revival of Baiquan, the key problems such as the causes of the water cut-off in Baiquan Spring Basin, the causes of successive re-gushing, the over-exploitation of groundwater, the insufficient guarantee of re-gushing and the insufficient emergency measures are analyzed, meanwhile, the necessity and key measures for the continuous reswelling of Baiquan Spring area are put forward, which provides a scientific basis for formulating the goal and option of the sustainable re-gushing of Baiquan Spring area. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Reasearch on the Development Strategy of Electrical Energy Internet Under the New Development Pattern of “Dual Circulation” LI Yan-yan, XIONG Yi Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2023, 33 (4): 69-75.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2023.04.013 Abstract （80）      PDF（pc） （298KB）（97）       Knowledge map    Save At present, the development goal of the electric power energy Internet has been transferred from pilot demonstration to diversified and large-scale development in China. Meanwhile,the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) brings opportunities for common development to countries along the routes, and lays a preliminary foundation for the dual circulation of electricity and energy Internet. This article explores the value choices for the development of electric power energy Internet that not only adapts to the realistic conditions of the new stage of economic and social development, but also brings great benefits for China to integrating into the international environment, constructing the global energy Internet, and breaking through the bottleneck constraints of the development of electric power energy Internet.Under the new development pattern of “dual circulation”, the optimal development path of the electric energy Internet is as follows: building electric internet of things to connect people, material and information resources all over the region, building the global power energy internet to achieve the global power mutual benefit and sharing, relying on technological revolution to support the energy electric connectivity of BRI, bringing about the comprehensive utilization of energy with cooperation and openness, mutual benefit and sharing, and carrying out the strategic synergetic effect of the power energy internet and new development pattern of “dual circulation”. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Representative Analysis of Baiyangdian Water Level YANG Feng-yuan Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2022, 32 (4): 15-20.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2022.04.003 Abstract （113）      PDF（pc） （1124KB）（95）       Knowledge map    Save In the process of flood control in Baiyang Lake, the water level change trend at different locations in the lake is quite different, and the water flowing in and out of the lake is unbalanced, which brings troubles to flood control dispatching decision-making. Based on full and accurate hydrological monitoring data, this paper analyzes the representativeness and change rules of water level stations in the lake during normal and flood periods, and preliminarily reveals the main factors affecting the representativeness of water level. It provides a reference for how to use the water level of each point in Baiyang Lake more scientifically, and provides technical support for flood control dispatching and rainwater and flood resources utilization. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Expansion and Quantitative Attribution of China’s Built-up Areas Based on Parameter Optimal Geodetector LIU Dan-dan, LI Yong-liang Journal of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering    2023, 33 (3): 33-39.   DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2023.03.006 Abstract （321）      PDF（pc） （464KB）（94）       Knowledge map    Save To study the spatiotemporal changes in urban built-up areas in China over the past 20 years from 2002 to 2021, promoting the urbanization process, and socially sustainable development in China, urban units in China were selected as the research objects. DMSP-OLOS data from 2002 and NPP-VIIRS night light data from 2021 were used, combined with indicators such as expansion speed, standard deviation ellipse, and spatial autocorrelation. Quantitative analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics in built-up areas is elaborated in two aspects: quantity structure and spatial distribution. Some factors are used as independent variables such as GDP difference, population difference, elevation, road network density, temperature difference, and rainfall difference. Expansion speed is used as the dependent variable. The driving force is quantitatively analyzed by parameter optimal geographic detector. 1) In the past 20 years, the expansion speed of urban built-up areas in our country has been mainly in medium and low speed, The annual expansion rate of the built-up areas in the eastern and northern coastal areas is higher than the national average. The middle reaches of the Yellow River and the southern coast are comparable to the national average, while the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Southwest China, Northeast China and Northwest China are significantly lower than the national average. The eastern coastal areas have the fastest expansion speed and the smallest difference in urban development, while the center of gravity of China′s built-up areas moves 100.22 kilometers from the eastern coastal areas to the northwest. 2) The expansion speed of the built-up area has spatial heterogeneity, reflecting the accumulation of cold and hot spots. Cold spot areas are distributed in the northern and central regions of China and exhibit low-low clustering and high-low clustering, while hot spot areas are distributed in the southeastern coastal areas of China and exhibit high-high clustering and low-high clustering; 3) GDP,population are the main factors affecting the development of built-up areas, with the explanatory power of 0.6395, 0.4965, respectively. The interaction between various factors is either double factor enhancement or non-linear enhancement, with strong interaction between socioeconomic factors, and the strongest interaction between GDP and population factors. The explanatory power of 1.1361 shows a double-factor enhancement. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）