Abstract: From the spring and Autumn period to the contemporary era, the canal channel has been changing for more than 2500 years, which has roughly experienced several stages. In the pre-Qin period the canal between the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the canal connecting the Yangtze River and Huaihe River system were dug for the needs of war. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the northern and Southern Dynasties, the canals connecting the Yangtze River and pearl river systems, the Yellow River and Haihe river systems were dug and the previous canals were dredged to maintain the operation of the ruling class’s political power.During the Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties, the national east-west Grand Canal system was formed and during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the national north-south Grand Canal system was formed. Then the Grand Canal has experienced the decline of the Republic of China and the revival since the founding of new China. The Grand Canal channel is already a cultural heritage and a witness of China's historical development. Therefore, in the process of protection, inheritance and utilization, the Grand Canal channel should be protected in the first place.

Key words: canal, dug, culture, heritage

摘要： 从春秋至当代,运河河道变迁超过2500余年,大致经历了先秦时期为战争需要而开凿的长江中下游区间运河及沟通长江-淮河水系的运河,秦汉至南北朝时期以后为维护统治阶级政权运转而开凿的沟通长江-珠江水系、沟通黄河-海河水系的运河开凿以及疏浚以往运河,隋唐宋时期全国东西大运河体系形成,元明清时期全国南北大运河体系形成,民国时期全国运河衰落,新中国成立后至今运河的复兴等几个历史阶段。大运河河道已是文化遗产,是中国历史发展的见证,所以在保护传承利用过程中首先要保护好大运河河道。

关键词: 运河, 开凿, 河道, 文化, 遗产