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30 March 2024, Volume 34 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Geotechnical Engineering Column
Column on Water Conservancy Engineering and Water Conservancy Informatization
Ecological Hydrology and Water Resources Column
Remote Sensing and Ecology Environment Column


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Geotechnical Engineering Column

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Study on Static Characteristics and Particle Crushing Test of Soil-Rock Mixture DAI Xingxian, SONG Yang, ZHANG Zhibin, QI Ziyi, LIU Qirui 2024, 34(1): 1-8.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (1235KB) ( )   Based on the indoor triaxial apparatus, the undrained consolidation tests of soil-rock mixtures with five different rock contents and three different confining pressures were carried out. By analyzing the stress-strain curve, strength parameters and particle crushing law, the mechanical properties and crushing characteristics of soil-rock mixture are discussed. The experimental data show that there is a positive correlation between the rock content and the relative fragmentation rate, and the trend of the relative fragmentation rate will gradually decrease with the increase of confining pressure, which accords with the Allometricl function model. In addition, the increase of stone content can improve the strength of soil-stone mixture, and the internal friction angle has a “slow-fast-slow” growth law with the “Low-middle-high” of stone content. The Boltzmann function model can describe this rule well and has some applicability. The cohesion of soil-rock mixture is greater when the stone content is low, and when the stone content is high, the cohesion decreases to a certain extent before slowly increasing with the increase of stone content. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on the High Temperature Performance Evaluation Indexes of Asphalt Binder HOU Licheng, MA Shibin, ZHANG Yu, YUAN Qijie, ZOU Baogang 2024, 34(1): 9-15.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1006KB) ( )   Using different indicators to evaluate the high temperature performance of the same asphalt binder may get different results. In order to quickly and accurately analyze the high temperature performance of asphalt binders, it’s very important to select a suitable evaluation index. Firstly, this article summarizes the limitations of conventional indicators such as penetration, softening point, 60℃ dynamic viscosity, and rutting factor in evaluating the high temperature performance of asphalt binders. Secondly, new indicators are introduced, including modification rutting factor G*/(sinδ)9, viscous part of complex shear modulus Gv and non-recoverable creep compliance Jnr, then the characteristics of these new indicators are analyzed and research results obtained by using each indicator are reviewed. Finally, this paper puts forward suggestions for the revision of relevant norms in my country and the future development is prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction Technology for TBM Card Machine Trapping under Unfavorable Geological Conditions of Rock Burst and Altered Rock HAN Jianlu 2024, 34(1): 16-21.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (1230KB) ( )   With the rapid development of the economy and society, tunnel engineering is flourishing in China. Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) combined with drilling and blasting method is currently a commonly used construction method for ultra long mountain tunnels. In adverse geological conditions, hard rock tunneling machines are prone to jamming, and in severe cases, engineering accidents may even occur. In order to cope with the possible jamming situation mentioned above, a technology for dealing with TBM jamming under adverse geological conditions such as rockburst and weathered rock is proposed based on the construction of water conveyance tunnels using the TBM method under construction. The key points of treatment, specific construction methods, and control processes are emphasized. The implementation of this construction technology and the application of TBM to overcome difficulties provide valuable cases and references for dealing with similar engineering equipment in the future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Concrete under Impact Load CHENG Siwu, DAI Xingxian, FENG Kai, QI Ziyi, ZHANG Ze 2024, 34(1): 22-28.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (1120KB) ( )   In order to investigate the dynamic mechanical properties of concrete under impact load, finite element analysis software was used to simulate the SHPB tests of C30, C40 and C60 concrete under different impact velocities. The stress-strain curves and energy time-history curves at different velocities were obtained by numerical simulation, and the crushing process of the specimen was analyzed. The results show that the peak stress of C40 concrete and C60 concrete is 20.8% and 31.6% higher than that of C30 concrete, respectively. Improving the strength grade of concrete can improve the impact resistance of concrete structure. When the impact velocity is 10m/s and 15m/s, the strain rate of concrete is 3.2 and 4.7 times that of 5m/s, respectively, indicating that concrete is a strain rate-sensitive material. The energy time history curve is generally divided into three stages: the initial stable stage, the mid-term growth stage, and the final stable stage. Under impact load, concrete breaks from the edge from outside to inside first, and splits inside. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Column on Water Conservancy Engineering and Water Conservancy Informatization

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Application of High Density Electrical Method in Detecting Hidden Leakage of Levee during Flood Season LIU Dongchen, TANG Kexuan, LIU Jinpeng, LI Guorui, WANG Zhihao 2024, 34(1): 29-33.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (969KB) ( )   High water levels and high permeability pressure will cause the expansion of levee leakage defects or aggravation of hidden dangers during the flood season. Rapid and accurate emergency investigation of hidden dangers of levee leakage is an important measure to guide scientific flood prevention and ensure safe during flood season. In view of the leakage defects and hidden dangers such as piping, dispersion, and levee-crossing buildings, high-density electrical method site test is carried out, and the electrical structure of levee during flood season is obtained. Through the comparison test, the electrical differences between different leakage defects and no significant defects of levee are obtained. Based on this, high density electrical methods are used to investigate hidden dangers in the Tianjin Jinghai section of Ziya River right levee, especially in the section where the Ziya River merges into the Duliujian River. The division of hidden leakage areas and potential risk areas provides important technical support for ensuring the safety of levees during the “23·7” catastrophic flood in the Haihe River Basin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Study on Seismic Wave CT between Adits at the Dam Site of Busanga Hydropower Station LIU Sheng, WANG Jie, LIU Kanghe, YAN Jianwei 2024, 34(1): 34-38.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (929KB) ( )   In order to meet the basic requirements of the geological conditions of the concrete double-curved arch dam of the Busanga hydropower station(the dam bedrock mass is required to be intact and uniform, high strength, and simple geological structure), it is necessary to study the quality of the foundation rock mass in the dam site area and explore geological defects inside the rock mass. The seismic wave computerized tomography(CT) test of the rock mass between the excavated aditsintwo abutments of the dam site is carried out, and the wave velocity distribution law of the engineering rock mass in the test area is obtained. According to the variation characteristics of seismic wave CT imaging wave velocity distribution, the structural characteristics of the rock mass in the dam site, the spatial distribution of geological defects such as the quality of the rock mass, the geological structure and the weak rock zone are determined, and the basic geological conditions of the engineering rock mass in the dam site area are revealed, and the good application effect is obtained. The purpose of investigation is achieved, which provides reliable basic data for dam engineering design. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Assumption on Applying Technology of Cable-stayed Dam to the Construction of Silt Dam XIN Zhenke 2024, 34(1): 39-42.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (872KB) ( )   Silt dams filled with homogeneous soil are prone to chain dam failure. The assumption of applying technology of cable-stayed dam to the construction of silting dam is put forward. The characteristics of the proposed technical scheme are compared with those of gate dam and hydraulic lifting dam. The anchorage of the cable in front of the dam is the main technical difficulty in the construction of cable-stayed dam in loess areas with large thickness. The methods of seepage prevention and flood discharge of cable-stayed dams are also discussed. It is of great significance to popularize new technology and new dam type cable-stayed dam. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison and Analysis of Material Technology for Repairing Cracks in a City Water Conveyance Channel Project FU Ke 2024, 34(1): 43-47.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (961KB) ( )   Several commonly used treatment methods and materials for crack repair in a certain city's water supply channel engineering were analyzed and studied. Four typical disease areas were selected from two typical structures,which are the north and south sides of the exposed box culvert in the A inverted rainbow gradient section, and the east and west sides of the B aqueduct box. Under the condition of continuous water supply, different reinforcement and anti-seepage materials and construction techniques were used to reinforce the damaged areas caused by construction cold joints on the north and south sides of the exposed box culvert in the A inverted rainbow transition section, including concrete deterioration, structural water seepage, large-scale swelling, peeling, seepage of concrete skin, local yellow white crystal precipitation, and long cracks, water seepage, and local crystal precipitation on the east and west sides of the B aqueduct box. At the same time, combined with the on-site treatment effect, a comparative analysis and study of the reinforcement materials and construction techniques used were conducted to obtain the optimal solution suitable for different diseases, providing scientific and rational suggestions for later management work, and providing reference for the treatment of similar water conservancy facility diseases. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Ecological Hydrology and Water Resources Column

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Analysis of Factors Influencing Biodiversity Based on the Landscape Pattern of Hengshui Lake Wetland LIU Xiushui, WANG Xiaopo 2024, 34(1): 48-53.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (1026KB) ( )   The change of landscape pattern in Hengshui Lake Nature Reserve has a certain impact on the diversity of biological resources. Therefore, based on the analysis of landscape pattern evolution, it is necessary to explore the impact of landscape change on biodiversity. In this paper, three landscape types were extracted as threat factors by InVEST model, and two indices of habitat degradation and quality in Hengshui Lake were simulated to analyze their impacts on bird diversity, and the impacts on other biological communities were analyzed combined with the change characteristics of water surface area and water level. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Grey Time Series Random Combination Model in Groundwater Depth Prediction: A Case Study of Cangzhou HAN Chao, LIU Xiaoyan, LIU Jiajun, HE Yunpeng, WEN Yongfu, LIU Juan 2024, 34(1): 54-60.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (1119KB) ( )   Groundwater resources are an important basic resource supporting regional food production. In order to solve the problem of continuous decline in shallow groundwater levels in Hebei Province, taking Cangzhou, a typical plain area in Hebei Province, as an example, based on the observation data of water level monitoring wells from 2007 to 2022, a random combination model of groundwater depth and grey time series is constructed using MATLAB software combined with the principle of grey time series, revealing the variation law of groundwater depth in Cangzhou, which provides a basis for the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater resources in the plain areas of Cangzhou and even Hebei Province. Through relevant simulation methods, it has been confirmed that the model is concise, practical, and has high accuracy. The research results indicate that in the next three years (2023-2025), if the current development trend is followed, the groundwater level in Cangzhou will continue to decline with an average annual decrease of about 1.45m. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Remote Sensing and Ecology Environment Column

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Construction of Campus Structure 3D Model Based on Oblique Photogrammetry ZHANG Lijun, LI Yang, JIN Shaofei 2024, 34(1): 61-65.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (1001KB) ( )   With the development of unmanned aerial vehicles and oblique photogrammetry technology, the accuracy and efficiency of 3D real scene modeling have been greatly improved. This article, based on unmanned aerial vehicle tilt photogrammetry technology, constructs a high-precision and measurable three-dimensional model of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering. Based on the regional situation ofHebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering, 10 ground control points and 16 reference points were set up. DJI Phantom 4 RTK was used for tilt photogrammetry to construct a three-dimensional model of the campus. The problems of model rupture, faults, and incomplete data collection of buildings with high tilt photogrammetry after aerial triangulation were analyzed and solved. With the help of model modification software, the real 3D model of Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering was modified to address issues such as water surface damage, model vulnerabilities, and blurred texture of billboards. In order to solve the problem of voids caused by high floors in the library building, a high-precision individual model was obtained through a separate close-up photogrammetry. The accuracy analysis of the repaired model was conducted from the perspectives of relative and absolute accuracy, and a realistic 3D model with a mean square error of 3.6cm in plane and 5.1cm in elevation was obtained. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Spatiotemporal Changes in Carbon Storage and Habitat Quality in Xiong'an New Area Based on InVEST Model WAN Honglin, WANG Fengchun, BAO Siqi, JIAO Runlong, JIAN Zheng 2024, 34(1): 66-75.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (1388KB) ( )   Studying the carbon storage and habitat quality of the ecosystem in Xiong'an New Area is of great significance for ecological restoration and sustainable environmental development. Based on the InVEST model, the two service functions of carbon storage and habitat quality in Xiong'an New Area are first evaluated, and then the evaluation results are overlaid using the comprehensive index method to further evaluate the comprehensive importance of ecosystem services in Xiong'an New Area. The research results indicate that from 2005 to 2020, the distribution pattern of carbon storage and habitat quality in Xiong'an New Area was basically stable. The carbon sequestration capacity and carbon density values of different land use types show high consistency. The lowest carbon storage is in construction land, the highest is in beach land, and the carbon storage of cultivated land is in the middle level. The habitat quality of different land use types is relatively stable throughout the entire research period, and most of the high value areas of habitat quality are concentrated in the Baiyangdian area, while some are scattered in other areas of the research area, The habitat quality of the water area has always been maintained at a high level, The comprehensive importance of the ecosystem service function in Xiong'an New Area is at a moderate level, while the comprehensive importance level of the Baiyangdian Basin is higher than that of other regions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and Analysis of Three-dimensional Model Based on BIM and GIS Technology ZHAO Wen, WU Changyue, ZHANG Lingyun, ZHANG Zhongyue 2024, 34(1): 76-80.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (938KB) ( )   The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of the combination of building information model ( BIM ) and geographic information system ( GIS ) in solving problems in the construction industry. By using Revit software to build BIM model and importing it into geographic information software, 3D model analysis is carried out to explore the value of more 3D data. The research results show that the combination of BIM-GIS provides great potential for solving the problems of the construction industry. By integrating BIM models and geographic information, comprehensive and accurate building models can be obtained, including geometric attributes, component information, time schedule and cost data. Through the analysis of three-dimensional models, we can better understand the relationship and influence of buildings in geospatial space. In the stage of building operation and maintenance, we can monitor and predict the state of buildings in real time and provide effective decision support, which brings more opportunities and development space for the construction industry. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A DEM Generation Method Based on Progressive Morphological Filter WU Jingchuan, LIU Niantao 2024, 34(1): 81-86.  DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2024.01.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (1042KB) ( )   In order to find a new production method for DEM and improve the updating efficiency of city DEM, this paper proposes a new method to filter non-ground elevation points from ground elevation points in DSM by progressive morphological filter. The ground elevation points are then triangulated to Delaunay triangulation and the DEM is generated by intersecting rays with the Delaunay triangulation. The experiment shows that the proposed method not only generates DEM effectively, but also generates DEM with great precision, proving that it has important practical value. In conclusion, the proposed algorithm is technically feasible and it can improve the utilization rate of drone DSM to promote the renewal of city DSM. References | Related Articles | Metrics