Abstract: The change of landscape pattern in Hengshui Lake Nature Reserve has a certain impact on the diversity of biological resources. Therefore, based on the analysis of landscape pattern evolution, it is necessary to explore the impact of landscape change on biodiversity. In this paper, three landscape types were extracted as threat factors by InVEST model, and two indices of habitat degradation and quality in Hengshui Lake were simulated to analyze their impacts on bird diversity, and the impacts on other biological communities were analyzed combined with the change characteristics of water surface area and water level.

Key words: wetland, landscape type, habitat quality, biological resources, InVEST model

摘要： 衡水湖自然保护区景观格局的改变会对生物资源的多样性产生一定影响,因此在景观格局演变过程分析基础上,探讨景观变化对生物多样性的影响具有一定必要性。为了分析其对生物多样性的影响,文中在景观格局演变分析基础上,利用In VEST模型提取3个景观类型为威胁因子,对衡水湖生境退化度以及质量2个指数进行模拟,研究衡水湖整体格局的景观演变特征与规律及生物生境质量的演变特征。结果表明:生境退化度以及生境质量均随着衡水湖的有效治理向良好的方向发展,但近年来生境质量逐渐下降;生境质量分析可知维持湖区的稳定有利于整体保护区的发展,但居民点及未利用地面积增加会对湖区生境质量产生影响。此外,中低值区面积增加,主要分布于干涸的西湖区,为保护鸟类的栖息生存,有关部门应注意西湖区及湖区周围的开发强度。

关键词: 湿地, 景观类型, In VEST模型, 生物资源, 生境质量