Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric E

Water Balance Testing and Water-saving Evaluation of a Certain Papermaking Enterprise

FAN Leilei, ZHANG Wencong, MA Suying, ZHANG Shuang

2025, 35(4): 1-5. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.001

Abstract ( )

PDF (848KB) ( )

With the continuous implementation of the strictest water resource management system, new requirements have been put forward for water-saving work in paper-making enterprises. It is urgent to carry out water balance testing to deeply explore the water-saving potential of enterprises. This article proposes a water balance testing method for paper-making enterprises, divides the testing units, and studies the water-using situation and level of the enterprise based on the measured results. Present problems are identified, and targeted improvement measures are proposed. The results show that:1)The efficiency of the paper-making water process equipment is advanced compared with that of the same industry, the systems are functional, and the water meters for measurement are equiped complete. 2)All the indicators of water intake per ton of kraft cardboard, water reuse rate, indirect cooling water circulation rate, condensate water reuse rate, and standard discharge rate, all fit in the “Guidelines for the Evaluation of Water saving Enterprises”. Mentioned indicators are at an upper-middle level among similar enterprises. The research results can provide effective suggestions for paper-making enterprises to tap into water-saving potential, improve water efficiency, and optimize management.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Groundwater Dynamic Characteristics and Cause Analysis in the Huangshui River Basin

LI Huanhuan, LIU Juan, WANG Xinmiao, XING Chenyang, LI Jintao

2025, 35(4): 6-13. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.002

Abstract ( )

PDF (1240KB) ( )

Huangshui River Basin is an important part of the Yellow River system, and its groundwater resources play an important role in the development of agriculture, industry, ecology and so on. In recent years, due to the influence of climate change, natural geography and human activities, the variation of groundwater level in Huangshui River Basin fluctuates greatly. Therefore, the characteristics and influencing factors of intra- and inter-annual groundwater dynamic change in Huangshui River Basin from 1980 to 2020 are studied in this paper. The results show that the intra- and inter-annual dynamic changes of groundwater level in Huangshui River Basin show a trend of first decreasing and then rising. The rainfall, temperature, runoff, population, GDP and groundwater exploitation and utilization in this region during 1980-2020 show an increasing trend, while the evaporation shows a decreasing trend. The correlation degree between groundwater dynamic change characteristics and its influencing factors is analyzed by grey correlation degree. The correlation coefficient of rainfall is the highest (0.914), and the correlation coefficient of groundwater exploitation and utilization is the second (0.909), and the groundwater protection suggestions are put forward according to the current situation of the development and utilization of groundwater resources in the Huangshui River Basin.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis of Porcelain Bushing Explosion Accident in Ultra-high Voltage SF₆ Circuit Breaker

ZHANG Hongwei

2025, 35(4): 14-21. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.003

Abstract ( )

PDF (1995KB) ( )

The porcelain bushing above 2.5m is usually fired in sections, and the cross-section is mechanically treated to form a “V” shaped interface. Then, the upper, middle and lower single sections are integrally fired and connected with inorganic adhesive glaze at high temperature. The adhesive glaze and each section of the porcelain bushing melt and penetrate into each other to form a whole porcelain bushing. After the overall firing is completed, its mechanical and electromechanical properties shall be verified by visual inspection, dimensional inspection, ultrasonic flaw detection, high and low temperature cycle test, internal pressure load test and bending load test. This paper analyzes the reasons for the breaking (bursting) of the sectioned porcelain bushing of 500kV SF₆ circuit breaker, comprehensively analyzes and demonstrates various factors affecting the electromechanical performance of the porcelain bushing of SF₆ tank circuit breaker through the disassembly inspection and test detection of the porcelain bushing, and puts forward strategies and measures to improve the process quality of the porcelain bushing and ensure the performance of the porcelain bushing, which provides references for the scientific design and safe operation of SF₆ tank circuit breaker.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis and Treatment of Non-Drive End Vibration of 3.8 MW Asynchronous Motor

ZHANG Xiang, SUN Juan, SUN Huafeng, LIU Yang, XU Zelong

2025, 35(4): 22-26. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.004

Abstract ( )

PDF (2052KB) ( )

Asynchronous motors are widely used in the petroleum and petrochemical industry. Taking 3.8MW asynchronous motor as the research object, the vertical vibration problem of the non-driving end of the motor is studied. By analyzing the frequency characteristics to detect the natural frequency of the motor, it is determined that there is a resonance of 50Hz at power frequency in the motor system. We perform dynamic balance test on the motor to confirm the fault characteristic frequency that causes vibration. The cause of the vibration is determined to be weak foundation and bearing bush wear. We adjust the bearing bush clearance after disassembling and checking the motor bearing bush. After the motor runs under load, we measure and analyze the motor operation data. The results show that when the problem of weak motor foundation cannot be solved in the short term, adjusting the bearing bush clearance reasonably has a certain effect on reducing vertical vibration.The vibration control analysis method in the article can provide reference for vibration control of large-capacity motors.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Road Object Detection Algorithm in Complex Environments Based on LFMCW and Image Collaboration

ZHANG Fei

2025, 35(4): 27-32. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.005

Abstract ( )

PDF (1490KB) ( )

Artificial intelligence has been applied to various aspects of life, and the emergence of autonomous driving technology is a concrete manifestation of artificial intelligence in the automotive field. In order to detect complex targets on the road, a target detection algorithm based on linear frequency modulation continuous wave and image collaboration is adopted in the study. By analyzing the linear frequency modulation continuous wave and obtaining information on target orientation, distance, and velocity, a target detection model based on the YOLOv7 algorithm is proposed to detect complex targets on the road. The experimental results show that the target detection model has better detection performance for targets with lower speed, closer distance, and smaller angle, demonstrating better detection performance. Selecting different iterations to test the performance of the model, when the number of iterations reaches 600, the loss function value of the YOLOv7 algorithm model is 0.05, which is significantly lower than other algorithms.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Robot Path Planning Based on Improved Ant Lion Optimizer

FAN Xiancheng, LING Xinyu, HUANG Hongbin, ZHU Guowu

2025, 35(4): 33-39. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.006

Abstract ( )

PDF (1733KB) ( )

Aiming at the problems of Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO), such as relying on the initial population, slow convergence speed and easy to fall into the local optima, an improved ant lion path planning algorithm is proposed.Firstly, the Cat chaotic mapping function is used to initialize the population and increase the population diversity as a way to enhance the ability of the population to explore the global environment.Secondly, adaptive dynamic weights are introduced to adjust the ants’ random wandering way to reduce the possibility of falling into the local optimal solution, and adaptive coefficients are introduced to improve the influence of ant lions on the ants’ random wandering.Then, different grid maps are designed, and the improved ant lion algorithm is compared with multiple intelligent algorithms for path planning simulation in grid maps to verify the superiority of the algorithm.Finally, the paths planned by the improved ant lion algorithm are smoothed with B-spline curves to improve the safety and stability of robot motion.The experimental results show that the improved algorithm reduces 21.81%, 87.04% and 53.85% in the shortest path, the number of iterations and the number of turns respectively compared with the partial algorithms, and the improved ant lion algorithm has a better performance in the path planning problem with faster convergence and better optimization-seeking ability.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Study on Erosion Resistance of Fiber Reinforced Seawater Sea and Sand Concrete

YU Jianjun, ZHAO Yingjian, GENG Jiannuan, HUANG Xuekai

2025, 35(4): 40-45. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.007

Abstract ( )

PDF (2344KB) ( )

Fiber-reinforced concrete was prepared using seawater and sea sand, and the erosion resistance of concrete under freeze-thaw cycles coupled with sulfate and its mechanism were investigated using concrete prepared from ordinary seawater and sea sand as a comparison. Salt freezing resistance was assessed by concrete appearance and morphology, compressive strength, and mass loss rate and micro-morphological features to obtain the optimum fiber mixing ratio. The results showed that the appropriate amount of fiber could improve the compressive strength of seawater and sea sand concrete, reduce the mass loss, and effectively improve the salt-freeze corrosion resistance of concrete. In the 50 coupling tests, the combination of 0.1% polypropylene fiber and 0.2% basalt fiber had the best effect. At this time, the compressive strength was 13.3% higher than that of ordinary seawater and sea sand concrete, and the mass loss rate was 22.4% lower than that of ordinary seawater and sea sand concrete, which made the salt-freeze erosion resistance of the seawater and sea sand concrete reach the best level.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research on Seismic Performance of Deep Foundation Pit Support and Pressure Bearing Structures in High-rise Buildings Beyond Limit

ZHANG Yan

2025, 35(4): 46-50. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.008

Abstract ( )

PDF (1186KB) ( )

In order to study the seismic performance of the deep foundation pit support and pressure bearing structure of high-rise buildings under earthquake, a seismic test analysis was conducted on such bearing structure to achieve the optimal design of the deep foundation pit support and pressure bearing structure based on the test results. Based on a high-rise deep foundation pit construction project, test specimens were made and finite element numerical simulation software was used to establish a calculation model for the deep foundation pit support pressure bearing structure. Combined with seismic shaking table in simulation of the seismic environment, ductility, stiffness, and bearing capacity indicators that could reflect the seismic effect of the structure were calculated through inputting seismic waves. Therefore, the seismic performance of the support structure was analyzed based on the test results. The experimental results indicated that the deeper the deep foundation pit, the higher the ductility of the structure and the better its seismic performance, the higher the elevation of the underground diaphragm wall of the deep foundation pit support pressure bearing structure, the greater the lateral stiffness of the foundation pit support, and the better the seismic effect. When the structural slope ratio was 0.8, the seismic performance of the structure was optimal.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Cement- based Grouting Material Using Small-diameter Core Samples

LI Qilian, LU Lei

2025, 35(4): 51-59. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.009

Abstract ( )

PDF (3178KB) ( )

In order to determine the compressive strength of cement-based grouting material components in strengthening reinforced concrete structures, two types of small-diameter core samples with a height-to-diameter ratio of 1 and diameters of 50 mm and 70 mm are designed and fabricated according to the requirements outlined in the “Technical Specification for the Application of Cement-Based Grouting Materials” (GB/T50448-2015). An experimental study on the compressive strength of cement-based grouting materials detected by the small-diameter core drilling method is carried out. The results indicate that the compressive strength of both standard specimens and small-diameter core samples increase with age, exhibiting a rapid growth rate in the early stages and a gradual slowdown in the later stages. The compressive strength of the 70 mm small-diameter core samples is higher than that of the 50 mm samples, with lower dispersion in compressive strength. Based on the least squares method, power function equations are derived to estimate the compressive strength relationships between the 50 mm and 70 mm small-diameter core samples and the standard specimens. Considering the fitting results and error analysis, it is recommended to use the 70 mm small-diameter core samples for assessing the compressive strength of cement-based grouting materials.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Preliminary Analysis of the Startup Blowing Duration for 9F.03 Gas-Steam Combined Cycle Unit

DING Yongneng, JIANG Feng

2025, 35(4): 60-64. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.010

Abstract ( )

PDF (887KB) ( )

In combined cycle units, to prevent the accumulation of combustibles in the downstream flow path and space and ensure the safety of downstream equipment of the gas turbine, startup purge of the gas turbine is a necessary safety operation. In situations where the combustible gas composition and concentration in the downstream flow path cannot be reliably or directly measured, a sufficiently long purge before startup is the only means to ensure equipment safety. However, in the case of F-class gas turbine with rigid connections in single-shaft arrangements, the total weight of the rotor often reaches several hundred tons, which can lead to an increase in auxiliary power consumption and a decrease in startup flexibility. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the duration of the startup purge reasonably.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Energy Saving Retrofit Design for Residual Steam Heat Recovery in a Certain ALC Production Enterprise

YIN Ziyang, WANG Gang, ZHANG Qiang, GU Yajun, MA Kunru

2025, 35(4): 65-70. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.011

Abstract ( )

PDF (1003KB) ( )

In recent years, ALC (Autoclaved Lightweight Concrete) has been widely used in the construction market. During the production process of ALC, the autoclave requires a large amount of hot steam, resulting in higher energy consumption for ALC production. In order to reduce energy consumption in ALC production, improve steam utilization, enhance enterprise production efficiency, and lower production costs, this article designs an autoclave waste steam heat recovery system for a certain ALC production enterprise, calculates and analyzes its energy-saving effect.Compared with the original reverse and exhaust steam systems, the residual steam heat recovery system has many advantages. It is expected to recover an additional 1 203 497 300 kJ of heat annually, saving 33 430 m³ of natural gas and approximately 150 400 yuan in economic expenses. The economic payback period for this renovation system is approximately 4.12 years.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Study on Temperature Field Measurement of Laser Welding of 6016 Aluminum Alloy Sheet

ZHAO Liang, LIU Yu, WANG Zhaoyu, WANG Jinwei

2025, 35(4): 71-75. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.012

Abstract ( )

PDF (1508KB) ( )

Laser welding is an advanced fusion welding process that uses a high-energy density laser beam as a heat source for efficient and precise welding. The temperature field of laser welding determines the alloy element content, grain size, and formability and other properties. The control of the welding temperature field and selecting reasonable welding parameters can effectively improve the quality of laser welding. This study uses fiber laser to realize the welding of 6016 aluminum alloy thin plates,and observes the laser welding weld seam of 6016 aluminum alloy by thermocouple temperature measurement to study the influence and law of the laser welding seam temperature field on the weld zone and to select reasonable welding parameters, which can guide the formulation of aluminum alloy thin plate laser welding process.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Development of MES System for Machining Production Line Based on iFIX

TAN Wenqi, ZHENG Qinyue, HUANG Tingting, BAN Rongyao, LIAO Gengbin

2025, 35(4): 76-80. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.013

Abstract ( )

PDF (1857KB) ( )

This research has successfully designed and implemented an iFIX-based MES system for machining production lines, focusing on enhancing production efficiency and streamlining management processes. After thorough analysis and demand assessment of existing systems, this study establishes the functional architecture of the MES system, including key modules such as data acquisition, real-time monitoring, intelligent scheduling, and alarm reporting. The developed and integrated system achieves efficient data interaction with and monitoring of machining equipment. Through simulated production environments and data testing, the system’s stability and reliability have been fully validated. The MES system can now monitor the production line status in real time, improve the accuracy of production planning, optimize resource allocation, and provide strong support for intelligent manufacturing.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Equations Research of Connecting Rod’s Motion Envelope and Mass Center Trajectory

LI Xiaoxia, HUANG Baoke

2025, 35(4): 81-86. DOI: 10.16046/j.cnki.issn2096-5680.2025.04.014

Abstract ( )

PDF (1010KB) ( )

Based on the motion principle of the crank-connecting rod mechanism and the motion characteristics of the connecting rod, the model of the crank-connecting rod mechanism is established with the help of the software GeoGebra to accurately describe and analyze the motion features of the connecting rod and its particles in internal combustion engines. This paper analyzes the envelopment of the edge line of the connecting rod motion track from the angle of mathematical analysis, and deduces the envelopment line equation of the connecting rod motion track and mass center’s motion track equation. By using the envelope equation, only the connecting rod length and the crank radius need to be determined to obtain the trajectory envelope of the connecting rod, so as to determine the safe movement boundary of the connecting rod and improve the design efficiency. The trajectory equation of connecting rod’s mass center can better promote the research and solution of connecting rod balance.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Current Issue